CAUSES OF SCIATICA
THE SCIATIC NERVE AND SCIATICA
Sciatica symptoms occur when the large sciatic nerve is irritated or compressed in the lumbar spine or along the course of the sciatic nerve.
The sciatic nerve is the largest single nerve in the body and is composed of individual nerve roots that start by branching out from the spine in the lower back and combine to form the “sciatic nerve.”
- The sciatic nerve starts in the lower back at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3).
- Nerves exit the spine at each level below the spine, and then come together to form the large sciatic nerve.
- The sciatic nerve starts at the lower back, through the the pelvic, buttock, and down the back of each leg.
- Portions of the sciatic nerve controls function in the legs, thighs, calves, feet, and toes.
The specific sciatica symptoms – the leg pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, and possibly symptoms that radiate into the foot – largely depend on where the nerve is pinched. For example, the nerve exiting the vertebra of L5-S1 if impinged can cause weakness in extension of the big toe and potentially in the ankle.
- Sitting on a wallet can pinch the sciatica nerve
- Disc bulges and herniations are common causes of sciatica
- Piriformis syndrome is where the sciatic nerve gets pinched in the buttock region, not in the lower back.
- Spinal Stenosis is when the spinal cord and/or the nerve roots do not have enough room to pass through.
- Spondylolisthesis a condition when a vertebra slips over another vertebra causing a nerve pinch.
- Scoliosis mostly seen in adults resulting from degenerative changes arising out of excessive spinal curvature.
- Hyperlordosis or kyphosis do to the compressive loading to spinal joints and nerves.